Zakhida ALIZADE

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Zakhida Alizade, Ph.D. (Hist.), Senior research fellow at the A. Bakikhanov Institute of History, National Academy of Sciences of Azerbaijan (Baku, Azerbaijan).

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CZARIST NATIONAL-COLONIAL POLICY IN THE CENTRAL CAUCASUS

ABSTRACT

The author uses a vast amount of factual material to reveal the essence of czarist Russia’s colonial imperial policy toward the Muslims of the Caucasus, and Northern Azerbaijan in particular, when the area was finally conquered in the early 19th century.

This discriminatory policy was acutely felt in all spheres of life; the Azeris, in particular, were deprived of many political, civil, and religious rights. Russia’s reforms in the area deprived Northern Azerbaijan of its previous administrative, economic, and political status (a situation that continued until 1917). The Azeri language was no longer used in official spheres, while the Russian Empire consistently supported the Russian language as a means of official and everyday communication.

Introduction

After conquering the Central Caucasus early in the 19th century, the Russian Empire created a harsh colonial system of military-political oppression and the economic exploitation of the indigenous population. To make its policy even more effective, Russia relied on national discrimination: the Central Caucasian peoples were subjected to “national-cultural suppression; they were selected as…………..

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